7, 8 Studies found that high blood sugar, long duration of DM, and associated high blood pressure are major risk factors for the development of DR. A prevalence of 36% was reported in Al-Medina city, and 33% in Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. 5 Nevertheless, the condition is responsible for 4.8% of blindness worldwide. Studies estimate that 2% of diabetic patients will go blind within 15 years of diagnosis. 4 It is a silent, progressive disease that can lead to irreversible blindness. 3 This number is expected to increase further in the upcoming years.ĭiabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of many devastating ischemic complications of DM. 2 Alnozha et al reported that DM prevalence in Saudi Arabia was 23.7% in 2011, the second highest among Middle Eastern countries and the seventh highest worldwide according to the WHO ranking. 1 This number is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035. In 2014, the WHO estimated that globally, 422 million people were affected by DM. Keywords: DM, diabetes mellitus, DR, diabetic retinopathy, regular eye exam, primary care, diabetes awareness, knowledge, attitude and practiceĭiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease related to insulin and is one of the most significant worldwide health problems. However, patients with low educational level had a significantly poor knowledge (p< 0.0001) and poor practice regarding diabetes (P< 0.013), respectively.Ĭonclusion: It is important to improve education and awareness of DM and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics, as it’s essential for controlling the disease and reducing its complications, by improving patient compliance to treatment and follow-up. Patients with low socio-economic status had a significantly poor knowledge regarding diabetes (P< 0.0001) and diabetic retinopathy (P< 0.015), respectively. The most common barrier to comply with regular follow-up was inadequate knowledge about the importance of periodic eye exam 47.1% (107). The average practice score for diabetes was 5 (good) while it was 3 (low) for diabetic retinopathy. The average attitude scores for both diabetes and diabetic retinopathy were 0 and 2 (suboptimal), respectively. While the average knowledge score for diabetic retinopathy was 4.5 (suboptimal). The average knowledge score for diabetes was 10 (good). The median age was 49 ± 24, and the median duration of diabetes was 8 ± 11 years.
Results: A total of 313 participants were enrolled in the study. A validated KAP-45 questionnaire was used to assess the KAP levels of diabetics towards diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic patients ≥ 18 years old were enrolled in the study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 randomly selected primary care centers and two university hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between May and December 2018. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of diabetic patients towards diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Awareness and proper knowledge of this highly prevalent disease is crucial to enhance early detection and proper intervention. Abdulrahman Al-Yahya, 1 Alwaleed Alsulaiman, 1 Abdulrahman Almizel, 1 Abdulrahman Barri, 1 Fadwa Al Adel 2ġCollege of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaĬorrespondence: Fadwa Al Adel Email īackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complication present a major morbidity burden among Saudi population.
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